The Physics Of An Earthquake :: essays research papers

Tremors are vibrations delivered in the world's external layer, or covering, when powers pushing on a mass of rock conquer the erosion holding the stone set up and squares of rock slip against one another. The vibrations can extend from scarcely recognizable to verry dangerous. There are six sorts of stun waves. Two are named body waves which implies they travel through the world's inside and the other four are surface waves. The waves are changed by the stone kinds or developments they hit. Essential or compressional waves (P waves) send particles moveing to and fro a similar way as the waves are voyaging, optional or transverse shear waves (S waves) send vibrations opposite to their course of movement. P waves consistently travel at higher speeds than S waves. Three general classes of seismic tremors are currently perceived as structural, volcanic, and misleadingly created. The structural assortment is by a long shot the most ruinous. The most commen reason for structural shakes is worries by developments of the dozen of major and minor plates that make up the world's hull . Most structural tremors happen at the limits of these plates, in zones where one plate slides past another Subduction-zone shudders represent almost 50% of the world's dangerous seismic occasions and 75 percent of the world's seismic vitality. They are along the purported Ring of Fire, a tight band around 38,600 km long, that corresponds with the sides of the Pacific Ocean. The focuses at which crustal crack happens in such shudders will in general be far beneath the world's surface, at profundities of up to 645 km. Not all subduction zones are liable to visit seismic tremors. The recurrence and extent of quakes around subduction zones are identified with the bearing in which the plates are moving. On the off chance that two plates moving a similar general way approach together, for the most part the edge of one plate will slide beneath the other at a sharp edge. This lessens the measure of zone where the plates contact, so the subduction zone doesn't create numerous quakes and any tremors it produces are not as solid. In the event that two plates are sliding next to one another, one plate will regularly be constrained under the other at a shallow edge, making an enormous territory of contact. This produces progressively visit, more grounded seismic tremors. Structural seismic tremors past the Ring of Fire happen in an assortment of topographical settings.

Wesfarmers Limited Operations in Australia-Samples for Students

Question: Distinguish a Multinational Company Operating in Australia. Give a concise portrayal of the Company. Answer: Presentation With the headway of innovation and globalization, the companies have extended their business in various nations. Both little and enormous associations are offering products and ventures to clients from various nations. The global enterprises are required to look at and consent to different residential and outside lawful guidelines to guarantee that they satisfy the fundamental legitimate necessity. Present day companies can improve their notoriety by viably follow their administrative system since it guarantees that organization is satisfying its legitimate obligations in a moral way. This report will concentrate on Wesfarmers Limited activities in Australia and the administrative system apply to the organization. Further, the report will break down the effect of different arrangements, shows, and concurrences on the merchandise and ventures offered by Wesfarmers restricted. Wesfarmers Limited Wesfarmers restricted was established in 1914, and its base camp is arranged in Perth, Western Australia. Basically the organization centers around its retailing business, yet it additionally has a prevalent enthusiasm for different areas including coal mining, composts, synthetic substances, and wellbeing items. The organization has in excess of 220,000 representatives around the world, and it has in excess of 500,000 investors (Wesfarmers, 2017). The partnership has in excess of 2,000 representatives in New Zealand; if there should arise an occurrence of Asian nations, for example, Bangladesh, it has around 5,000 partners. Wesfarmers restricted had income of AU$65.98 billion out of 2016; Richard Goyder is the CEO of the organization (Wesfarmers, 2016). The organization has different auxiliaries including Coles Supermarket, Cole Express, Bunnings, Kmart Tire Auto Service, Vintage Cellars, and numerous others (Wesfarmers, 2017). The auxiliaries of Wesfarmers constrained work in New Caledonia, China, India, Singapore, Indonesia, Hong Kong, Bermuda, and United Kingdom. The New Zealand central station of the firm is arranged in Auckland, New Zealand, while in India the partnership means to open their attire hold chain for development openings and increment business income. Administrative Framework influencing Wesfarmers Limited An administrative system is characterized as a basic framework that underpins the execution and headings of different guidelines, strategies, exercises, and law followed by a partnership (Sheenan, 2009). The administrative structure of retail industry gives different principles and guidelines that emphasis on overseeing the practices and offering of retail items offered by vitality and staple retailers. The organization executes new arrangements to confront advertise difficulties and ceaselessly fulfill its clients' necessities; these approaches are required to agree to administrative system of various areas. The administrative system gives arrangement in regards to different elements of the retailing business including wellbeing, wellbeing, exchange rehearses, condition, sanitation and protection. The worldwide companies are dependent upon 30 percent corporate assessment simply like nearby firms (Australian Taxation Office, 2017). The area of base camp affects a companys charge risk in light of the fact that in certain nations there is higher assessment rate than contrasted with other. Australia and New Zealand have gone into a consent to manage twofold tax collection show appropriately. The universal association as a rule discovers escape clauses in guidelines to abstain from paying enormous measure of duty, in this manner, they cautiously extend in different nations and circumspectly select the spot for their central command. Wesfarmers restricted is additionally required to conform to administrative system of work law; the organization follows different security, wellbeing, wages, and advantages guidelines established by the legislature for insurance of laborers. The organization follows Workplace Relations Act 1996 to guarantee they keep up similarly in laborers and satisfy the fundamental necessity for their security (Cooney, Cooney and Cooney, 2006). In New Zealand, the organization satisfy the necessity of Labor Framework of Employment Relations Act 2000 to consent to the work law. Wesfarmers constrained worth its representatives and thought of them as a sig nificant resource, accordingly, the partnership additionally consent to the administrative system of Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992, Equal Pay Act 1972 and Human Rights Act 1993 (Robson, et al., 2007). Wesfarmers constrained gives unique consideration to its laborers that are arranged in creating nations, for example, Bangladesh; because of absence of instruction and neediness, everyday environment of laborers is awful (Afrin, 2014). Consequently, the organization gives proper preparing and compensation bundles to update the expectations for everyday comforts of its laborers which likewise advantage the organization by expanding its notoriety. The partnership appropriately consents to Bangladesh Labor Act 2006 to guarantee they satisfy the prerequisite of the administrative structure. In the United Kingdom, the organization consents to Employment Rights Act 1996 to agree to arrangements identifying with childcare, maternity depart, working hours and others. In Australia, the organization is required to follow the administrative structure of sanitation guidelines (Azizul Islam and Jain, 2013). Wesfarmers constrained offers food items to its clients through general stores and departm ental stores, accordingly, they need to guarantee that their items are not unsafe to customers wellbeing. The items are required to be condition neighborly and ok for the utilization or, in all likelihood the administration can force punishments on the organization. Wesfarmers restricted is required to agree to the standard gave by the Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) (Mhurchu, 2007). As of late, the job of universal association in regards to the assurance of the earth has developed. The enterprises are relied upon to build up a code of standard to guarantee their practices are not contaminating the earth, and they are following the earth administrative structure. From 2000, the legislature of Australia began forcing Goods and Services Tax (GST), and Wesfarmers restricted needs to pay this expense also. The present pace of GST in Australia is 10 percent (Australian Taxation Office, 2017). The GST gives a uniform duty which lessens the necessity of enterprises to record separate assessment for various activities; it sets up consistency in business strategies and fortifies the tax assessment guidelines. Wesfarmers constrained is required to follow different mining laws that are actualized by the administration for the insurance of laborers and condition. In India, the organization conforms to Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1999 which give an administrative structure that is important to be satisfied by the companies for guaranteeing work security. The WorkSafe New Zealand Act 2013 and Mines Regulation 2014 have actualized by the administration of New Zealand and the United Kingdom separately; Wesfarmers is required to agree to these administrative systems and execute them into their business procedures (New Zealand Petroleum and Minerals, 2017). Settlements, Conventions or Agreements that Influence Goods and Services of Wesfarmers Limited Settlement is characterized as an understanding under universal law wherein the gatherings are two distinct areas. Principally, the settlements are embraced by the nations to advance and bolster the exchanging rehearses between nations that decidedly influence their national salary and monetary development. The administration of Australia and New Zealand has gone into different arrangements, for example, Australia and New Zealand Closer Economic Relations, New Zealand Free Trade and ASEAN-Australia (Barton, Gwynne and Murray, 2007). Then again, the New Zealand government has actualized Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement which deserted the exchanging of fake merchandise. The coal mining business of Wesfarmers constrained didn't adversely impact by this arrangement on the grounds that the firm exchanges no fake or exploratory merchandise. This permitted organization to keep up a positive notoriety among the clients since it shows that it morally plays out its activities. Alongside ret ail industry, Wesfarmers constrained spotlights on mining and vitality tasks too which permitted them to increase an upper hand over its essential rivals Woolworth and BHP Billiton (Dagge, 2016). The auxiliaries of the organization likewise help them to plan a collective business add to the national salary. For instance, Bunnings built up 15 new destinations from which seven were leasehold exchanging, six were freehold exchanging, and two were freehold improvement locales. The organization permitted Wesfarmers to exchange 11 out of 15 locales with the goal that their clients can without much of a stretch access their item and administrations all through Australia (Nottage, 2015). Thus, Wesfarmers constrained can expand its worldwide development through the global activities began by its auxiliaries. Also, Wesfarmers restricted followed the convention that was marked among India and Australia in 2011, which exhibit how International Corporation can maintain a strategic distance from twofold tax collection alongside monetary avoidance. Because of this bargain, the source nation possibly needs to pay the cross-fringe administration charge when the organization directed exchangin g for over 183 days in a year. This methodology helps the source nation in picking up benefits for their regular assets by exchanging with another nation, these practices among Australia and India is upheld by the enactment called International Tax Agreement Act 2014. If there should be an occurrence of exchanging or sending out any perilous waste or material, the organization is required to take a license from Ministry of Economic Development that is arranged in Australia (Kuppusamy and Anantharaman, 2014). The auxiliary of the organization, Coles, marked a drawn out gracefully understanding through which they offer serious costs. Besides, WesCEF mitigates

You choose the topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

You pick the theme - Essay Example In Summa Theologiae, Aquinas makes an unequivocal philosophical investigation to demonstrate that God exists, and his reality can be derived based on what is near, recommending that Gods presence is undeniable and doesn't require any earnest verifications. Hence, from Aquinas’s philosophical contentions in Summa Theologia, reality that can't be known from presence can be known from a reason impact relationship in that deciding from what can be seen, there must be a higher request that causes what can be knowledgeable about the real world. The paper explores Aquinas endeavor to build what isn't known through that which is known in a reason impact relationship to comprehend the presence of God. Aquinas gets his fundamental contentions from the Ontological contention of St. Anselm, who contended that God is the end past which nothing else can be considered to exist. Accordingly, God being the best being needs to exist, for presence is a lot higher than non-presence. Thusly, Aquinas acquired intensely from the presence of truth to clarify that God exists. In the event that reality exists, at that point God being simply the essential truth needs to exist. Truly plainly obvious in that there must be what is valid and that which is bogus, recommending that an essential truth needs to exist. In this way, God exists as a general rule and is the immediate reason for reality, which must be ascribed to him. Aquinas alludes to John 14:6, which expresses that â€Å"Am reality the way and life.† As such, however we may not know God, plainly reality exists. Reality exudes from an unadulterated truth a lot higher than itself, which is a proof that God exists as a general rule. Aquinas contends that each entire is more noteworthy than its parts. All things considered, everything that exists is a piece of some entire at which everything needs to converge to make entirety. What exists so that

Kaplan to Offer Free Online Psat Prep Course

Kaplan Test Prep recently announced the upcoming launch of a FREE Preliminary SAT (PSAT) prep course for all students. This first-of-it's kind event will cover the most important PSAT content, with time dedicated to reviewing each area of the exam, including Reading, Math, Writing and Language. What's more, students who are competing for a National Merit Scholarship will benefit from the two advanced lessons included in the program. The primary test day for the PSAT is October 19, 2016, and Kaplan's lessons will begin live streaming on October 1st at 4:00pm ET. Two recordings of the sessions will also be available to access following the live events. There's no official registration deadline, but students are encouraged to let Kaplan know ahead of time that they'll be attending, says Russell Schaffer, senior communications manager for Kaplan Test Prep. Why is this big news? Your PSAT score could lead to free money for college. The PSAT not only prepares you for the SAT, but it can also end up being your ticket to a lucrative scholarship. While a low score won't necessarily hurt you, those who achieve a high score could be eligible for a National Merit Scholarship. According to Lee Weiss, vice president of college admissions programs at Kaplan Test Prep, $180 million in National Merit scholarships is awarded to students with the best scores. And in some cases, universities may also give out additional scholarship money to attract top-scoring college hopefuls. To qualify for the awards, students need to select "yes" to Student Search Serviceï ¿ ½ when they take the exam. By opting in, they're automatically screened for scholarships and recognition. RELATED: How you can help your child ace the ACT or SAT You could get noticed by top schools. According to Weiss, "The PSAT is the kickoff to the college admissions process, and a great score can get students on the college radar for recruitment and scholarship money." If a college sees your score and thinks you might be a good match for their program, you'll likely receive a packet of admission materials in the mail. While this doesn't guarantee admission, it does indicate that the school is interested in you and may want you to apply. If you receive a mailing from a school you would like to apply to, be sure to express your interest by contacting them by phone, email or in person. Kaplan's free course is potentially saving you A LOT of money. There are a number of PSAT prep courses available, but quality instruction often comes with a hefty price tag. In some cases, class fees can run north of $500 ï ¿ ½ which, according to the College Board, would cover around half of the annual costs of your textbooks. With Kaplan's free course, students benefit from the company's 70 years of experience as a world leader in test prep. They've assigned two of their top teachers to lead the course, who have taken and mastered the same exam and are committed to helping their students do the same. Kaplan's class is the only free, live PSAT prep course available. There are certainly other free PSAT prep courses available, such as those offered by Kahn Academy, which offer a number of full-length practice tests and video content at no cost. Yet with Kaplan, students can actually ask teachers questions during the live event, giving them the opportunity to open dialogue if something isn't clear. For some students, this type of interactive learning may be what they need to achieve their top potential. RELATED: The truth about scholarships and 529 plans Kaplan Test Prep recently announced the upcoming launch of a FREE Preliminary SAT (PSAT) prep course for all students. This first-of-it's kind event will cover the most important PSAT content, with time dedicated to reviewing each area of the exam, including Reading, Math, Writing and Language. What's more, students who are competing for a National Merit Scholarship will benefit from the two advanced lessons included in the program. The primary test day for the PSAT is October 19, 2016, and Kaplan's lessons will begin live streaming on October 1st at 4:00pm ET. Two recordings of the sessions will also be available to access following the live events. There's no official registration deadline, but students are encouraged to let Kaplan know ahead of time that they'll be attending, says Russell Schaffer, senior communications manager for Kaplan Test Prep. Why is this big news? Your PSAT score could lead to free money for college. The PSAT not only prepares you for the SAT, but it can also end up being your ticket to a lucrative scholarship. While a low score won't necessarily hurt you, those who achieve a high score could be eligible for a National Merit Scholarship. According to Lee Weiss, vice president of college admissions programs at Kaplan Test Prep, $180 million in National Merit scholarships is awarded to students with the best scores. And in some cases, universities may also give out additional scholarship money to attract top-scoring college hopefuls. To qualify for the awards, students need to select "yes" to Student Search Serviceï ¿ ½ when they take the exam. By opting in, they're automatically screened for scholarships and recognition. RELATED: How you can help your child ace the ACT or SAT You could get noticed by top schools. According to Weiss, "The PSAT is the kickoff to the college admissions process, and a great score can get students on the college radar for recruitment and scholarship money." If a college sees your score and thinks you might be a good match for their program, you'll likely receive a packet of admission materials in the mail. While this doesn't guarantee admission, it does indicate that the school is interested in you and may want you to apply. If you receive a mailing from a school you would like to apply to, be sure to express your interest by contacting them by phone, email or in person. Kaplan's free course is potentially saving you A LOT of money. There are a number of PSAT prep courses available, but quality instruction often comes with a hefty price tag. In some cases, class fees can run north of $500 ï ¿ ½ which, according to the College Board, would cover around half of the annual costs of your textbooks. With Kaplan's free course, students benefit from the company's 70 years of experience as a world leader in test prep. They've assigned two of their top teachers to lead the course, who have taken and mastered the same exam and are committed to helping their students do the same. Kaplan's class is the only free, live PSAT prep course available. There are certainly other free PSAT prep courses available, such as those offered by Kahn Academy, which offer a number of full-length practice tests and video content at no cost. Yet with Kaplan, students can actually ask teachers questions during the live event, giving them the opportunity to open dialogue if something isn't clear. For some students, this type of interactive learning may be what they need to achieve their top potential. RELATED: The truth about scholarships and 529 plans

Uber The Largest Point At Point Transportation Network...

Uber is developing the largest point-to-point transportation network of its kind which has been extremely helpful for all kinds of passengers. Uber is literally changing the definition of the way world moves (Moon, 2015). However, unlike traditional logistics companies like UPS, FedEx, DHL Uber has an incredibly very limited infrastructure as it owns no vehicles, employs no drivers, and pays no vehicle maintenance costs. Instead, its network relies on peer-to-peer coordination between drivers and passengers, empowered by sophisticated software and a well established reputation system. Despite Uber s early success, it is an extremely polarizing company and has a highly disruptive business model which is outpacing many of the laws†¦show more content†¦The degree of the multiple is determined by the ratio between the number of demands for an Uber ride and the supply of Uber drivers at that time when the surge in effect. Uber pricing is continuously fluctuating and so the Ube r rates at any one time and place may vary a lot. I don’t see any reason that might appear this pricing policy to be unfair. Pricing is based on demand and high price is to ensure availability of ride at extreme weather conditions such as heavy raining, snow fall etc. as it is providing incentive to the drivers. Previously in such situations people had to wait for long time to get a ride from taxi drivers as there pricing is flat for almost all the weather and other situation where demand of ride may rise a lot. Sometimes it is said to be that surge pricing policy taken by Uber in exploitative as they’re seeming to take advantage of the situations (Dholakia, 2015). But the real world doesn’t work always in a straight way. If the pricing is not good enough to provide extra incentive to the drivers, then they are not willing to provide ride in such situations. In my opinion surge pricing policy is both win-win situation for driver and customer. However, sometimes surge pricing may have some flaws. If local taxi companies or otherShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis : Uber Is A Transportation Network Company1783 Words   |  8 PagesOverview Uber is a transportation network company, providing a smartphone application that connects drivers with people who need a ride (Bloomberg, 2017). Uber now accounts for the biggest market share in the ride-hailing industry, while there is a growing cabal of competitors operating in different regions, including Lyft in the US, Didi Kuaidi in China), Ola in India, and Grab in South-East Asia. 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This significant change of urbanization will lead to challenges in satisfying the needs for housing, infrastructure, transportation, energy supply and employment, as well as for basic services such as education and health care . This report will critically discuss three key elements in relation to urbanisation: political economy, economic growth in urban areas and urban sociologyRead MoreSharing Economy10348 Words   |  42 Pagesfrom companies’ environmental assessment to sustainable strategic design, from new green services definition to effective implementation of CSR management. Based in Finland, the organisation is active throughout Europe, relying on an extensive network of like-minded organisations and sustainability experts. www.ecovala.eu Author Erwan Mouazan is director and founder of Ecovala. He develops and implements innovative sustainability solutions both at private and public level. 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NESPRESSO: AN INNOVATION OF PROCESS AND OF BUSINESS MODEL a. Nespresso, a brand of Nestlà © group Nestlà © is one of the largest food and Nutrition Company in the world, and global leader in the â€Å"mass market coffee†. The firm’s strategy is mainly based on innovation. Always looking for new market to enter in or new product to develop, Nestlà © has a position of pioneer in almostRead MoreManaging the International Value Chain in the Automotive Industry60457 Words   |  242 Pagestheyarebothessentialforsuccessful  growth.† Global networks and decentralized configuration strategies: Strategic, structural, and cultural implications 1. Restructuringinternationalvaluecreation 2. Necessarychangesinthemanagementofinternationalcompanies Glossary Projectpublications Publishinginformation 98 104 105 110 120 128 134 135 141 148 157 158 5 Foreword The need for leadership in international value creation Theever-changingglobalnetworkofeconomic tiescallsforanewapproachtoleadership–Read MoreHugo Boss Business Plan10277 Words   |  42 Pagesright measures.†16 The Hugo Boss AG currently employs approx. 9,600 people worldwide and is present in markets in 105 countries. There are approx.1,300 mono-stores worldwide whereas about 340 of them are own ones. In a total, Hugo Boss has over 5.900 Points of Sale and maintains 21 subsidiary companies.17 4.2 Value Chain The following figure will demonstrate the value chain of Hugo Boss. 4.3 Brand Promise Boss Black promises high quality, classical, modern interpreted and elegant menswear that

Engineering Leadership Skills-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Engineering Leadership skills and knowledge about the given Case Study. Answer: Introduction Engineering leadership is the leadership or the management of technical and technological skills and knowledge that are utilized for the betterment of the organization or the project that he is working for. The report describes the three major traits of engineering leadership with proper examples. The traits are important for engineering leadership in all organizations (Denstadli, Julsrud and Hjorthol 2012). The case study given in this report clearly mentions the modification of the communication plan. The report outlines a communication plan for the case study given. The communication plan for the mentioned project needs serious modification, which is to be done with the help of the engineering leadership traits (Ahn et al. 2014). The report describes the traits with proper examples, which help to understand the traits better. The report further covers the benefits of face-to-face meetings and what can be the other option if face-to-face meetings are not possible. It also helps to understand the difference between the traditional project communication plan and the modern project communication plan. The description of the case study is given in the following paragraphs. Discussion Engineering Leadership The innovative and technical skills and knowledge that are utilized for the betterment of a company or organization is known as the engineering leadership. This particular type of leadership is needed in every organization (Rottmann, Sacks and Reeve 2015). This type of leadership is used to bring alterations and changes in the company. The changes include the new and unconventional design, implementation and conception, of new processes, materials, products, projects, systems, software, and molecules, which are reinforced by the creation of enabling different technologies, to meet the necessities and needs of society and the clients of the project. Engineering leadership is useful and extremely important for all organizations. This is generally an amalgamation of both engineering and management (Garca-Morales, Jimnez-Barrionuevo and Gutirrez-Gutirrez 2012). The skills and knowledge of engineering background and the ability to control and manage situations, together constitute enginee ring leadership. Examples of Engineering Leaders The six famous engineering leaders, who have helped the world with their exclusive engineering knowledge, skills and leadership, are mentioned in this report. The engineering leaders have unique engineering skills and management ability that have made famous (Hwang and Ng 2013). Trait 1 A good engineering leader becomes successful if he/she succeeds in the trait of acceptance of risks and failures that are coupled together to make the staffs learn how to overcome the situation if the project goes wrong. The two examples of such leaders are as follows: Personalities Tim Cook: Timothy Donald Cook an American industrial engineer, business executive anddeveloper. Cook is theCEO or the Chief Executive OfficerofApple Inc., who was previously serving as the Apple Inc.sChief Operating Officer, under the founderSteve Jobs (Cameron 2012). Apple Inc. launched watches under their brand on 24 April, 2015. However, the watch did not become as popular as the other Apple products. It faced huge losses. However, Cook did not break down and neither did he allow his employees to feel down. He rather planned to make the watch better, so that the customers accept it. Finally, on 16 September, 2016, Apple Inc. launched the second version of Apple watch. This was well accepted by the customers. Sundar Pichai: Sundar Pichai is an Indian business executive who is the Chief Executive Officer or CEO of Google Inc. (Saebi and Foss 2015). He has completed his engineering from IIT Madras and done his M.S. from Stanford University. Google Lively was one of the biggest mistakes of Google. It did not last for more than six months in 2008. However, Pichai did not break down, rather he helped his fellow employees to overcome the situation. Trait 2 The second trait is the building and directing teams that are winning for retaining and attracting the innovators. A leader becomes successful when he has the ability to manage and guide his teams in such a way that it retains innovators (Hwang and Ng 2013). The examples of such engineering leaders are as follows: Personalities Erin Hoffman: Erin Hoffman is an American blogger, game developer and writer. She is famous for her popular game Kung Fu Panda World. She is a wonderful engineering leader with amazing leadership skills. Kung Fu Panda game was launched on 3rd June, 2008 and soon it attracted clients (Rottmann, Sacks and Reeve 2015). Hoffman managed and directed her employees in such a way that they retained and attracted the customers. Bridget Frey: Bridget Frey is the CTO of Redfin since the year 2015. Previously, she was the Vice President of engineering in Redfin and the director of Analytics Business Applications for Lithium. She was even the founding member of the analytics team of IntrinsiQ. She even held senior management positions in Plumtree and IMlogic. During her stay in the management positions, Frey retained and directed her staffs. Trait 3 The third trait of leadership is the degree of passion for innovation and mission in the work, as well as sharing that passion with the employees. Innovation is needed for any product or organization. Every engineering leader should have the passion for innovation (Rottmann, Sacks and Reeve 2015). The two famous leaders, who have excelled in this trait, are as follows: Personalities Noah Glass: Noah Glass is one of the co-founders of the social networking site Twitter. Twitters stock declined around 45% in the year 2015. However, the new changes and the innovations made by Glass, helped Twitter to increase the popularity. Glass always had a thirst for innovations, which he even passed on to his employees. Jerry Yang: The co-founder and the former CEO of Yahoo! Inc., Jerry Yang is one of the famous engineering leaders. Yahoo was the first recognized search engine before Google. After Yahoo search engine became popular, Yahoo mail was launched (Cameron 2012). Yang had the passion for his work and innovations, and he shared this passion with his employees. Case Study AusElec is a large electronics company in Australia. I am the project leader of traditional and collocated projects, and I rely on the oral communication that is face-face meetings, and team meetings, emails, telephones and hard copies of memos, reports and letters. Recently, I was given a hybrid transnational project known as the Hytrans, where most of the team members are located in different parts and time zones of the world. Only me, Joseph and Tina are present in the headquarters of Sydney. Since most of the team members are located in different time zones of the world, it was extremely difficult for me to communicate with them and organize meetings. Any project is successful only when all the team members are present and they have meetings face-to-face. Video and audio conferences help in this case to some extent, although face-to-face meetings are way more successful than those conferences (Baek, Wojcieszak and Delli Carpini 2012). After the project is launched, I noticed that the communications plan that is made for the project needs severe modification. I need to draft a new communication plan with proper modification. Communication Plan Communication planningis the science and art of meeting the target audiences using various marketingcommunicationchannels such as public relations, direct mails, advertising, or experiences (Szeberenyi 2015). I need to modify the communication plan of Hytrans. Since, only three members are present in the headquarters of Sydney and rest all, the members are located in different parts of the world, it became very difficult to communicate with them (Akmajian et al. 2013). When a member is present in one part of the world and the other member is present in other part of the world, there is a high chance that their time differences will clash. this exactly was happening with my team. Therefore, I decided that the new communication plan should have audio and video conferences instead of telephones and emails. The difference between the new and the traditional communication plans was that the communication mode was changed, which means there was video conferences instead of emails or memos. Face-to-Face Meetings Hytrans is a hybrid transnational project, in which most of the members are located in different time zones and different parts of the world. I being the project leader found it very hard to communicate with my team members. According to me, face-to-face meetings are extremely important for any organization (McConnell et al. 2013). The main reasons why face-to-face meetings are the best are as follows) Body Language is communication: Body language is important for any sort of communication. Half of the words are spoken through body languages. When a team is interacting on phones or emails, there is no chance of showing body language, which can sometimes be misleading (Mller 2013). The person may not understand what the other person is wanting to express. Ensures Engagement: All the team members can take part in discussions in face-to-face meetings, which is not possible in a virtual meeting More Efficient: It is seen than face-to-face meetings are shorter than audio conferences. Drives participation: Face-to-face meetings have more participation of members than in conference calls. Face-to-face meetings are much better than other modes of meetings because of the above-mentioned reasons. I highly recommend such meetings for the success of Hytrans as it will clarify the doubts and the new communication plan can be easily modified (Denstadli, Julsrud and Hjorthol 2012). However, if face-to-face meetings are possible at any cost, the only other option against this, I think is the video conference. Video conferences can be the only substitute of face-to-face meetings. Conclusion Therefore, from the above discussion it can be concluded that, engineering leadership is an important aspect in any business or any organization. This type of leadership helps the organization to make innovative alterations and changes in their project that will make the project even better. The report describes about the basic traits of engineering leadership that makes an engineering leader successful in his life. The report also describes the different engineering leadership strategies of six famous engineering leaders, who have used their engineering skills and managerial ability to conquer the world. The above report further describes about the modification in communication plan of the case study given and the benefits of face-to-face meetings. References Ahn, B., Cox, M.F., London, J., Cekic, O. and Zhu, J., 2014. Creating an instrument to measure leadership, change, and synthesis in engineering undergraduates.Journal of Engineering Education,103(1), pp.115-136. [online] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jee.20036/full Akmajian, A., Farmer, A.K., Bickmore, L. and Harnish, R.M., 2017.Linguistics: An introduction to language and communication. MIT press [online] https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=VF4nDwAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PT8dq=Akmajian,+A.,+Farmer,+A.K.,+Bickmore,+L.+and+Harnish,+R.M.,+2017.+Linguistics:+An+introduction+to+language+and+communication.+MIT+pressots=oZXqzvs41vsig=NTSxJPAIVy7FHtyWISWI06jd-Wk#v=onepageqf=false Baek, Y.M., Wojcieszak, M. and Delli Carpini, M.X., 2012. Online versus face-to-face deliberation: Who? Why? What? With what effects?.New media society,14(3), pp.363-383. [online] https://www.looooker.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Online-versus-face-to-face-deliberation1.pdf Cameron, K., 2012.Positive leadership: Strategies for extraordinary performance. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. [online] https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/29441788/positiveleadership.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3AExpires=1503036195Signature=AL8bxmj5Vv9Mv359s7GEgK9xsvA%3Dresponse-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DPositive_leadership_Strategies_for_extra.pdf Denstadli, J.M., Julsrud, T.E. and Hjorthol, R.J., 2012. Videoconferencing as a mode of communication: A comparative study of the use of videoconferencing and face-to-face meetings.Journal of Business and Technical Communication,26(1), pp.65-91. [online] https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Randi_Hjorthol/publication/239773432_Videoconferencing_as_a_Mode_of_Communication_A_Comparative_Study_of_the_Use_of_Videoconferencing_and_Face-to-Face_Meetings/links/00b7d5281cde1a0a1d000000.pdf Garca-Morales, V.J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M.M. and Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L., 2012. Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of business research,65(7), pp.1040-1050. [online] https://npchr.nipc.ir/uploads/Transformational_leadership_15525.pdf Hwang, B.G. and Ng, W.J., 2013. Project management knowledge and skills for green construction: Overcoming challenges.International Journal of Project Management,31(2), pp.272-284. [online] https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bon-Gang_Hwang/publication/257094667_Project_management_knowledge_and_skills_for_green_construction_Overcoming_challenges/links/0c96052f3321e1fa02000000.pdf McConnell, T.J., Parker, J.M., Eberhardt, J., Koehler, M.J. and Lundeberg, M.A., 2013. Virtual professional learning communities: Teachers perceptions of virtual versus face-to-face professional development.Journal of Science Education and Technology,22(3), pp.267-277. [online] https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/37234299/McConnelletalJoST2012.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3AExpires=1503036269Signature=XLJo8KOjoqNRzmr9sobZdvm8AHU%3Dresponse-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DVirtual_Professional_Learning_Communitie.pdf Mller, C. ed., 2013.Body-Language-Communication(pp. 310-319). de Gruyter. [online] https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=Dance%20in%20Indiaitem_type=topic Rottmann, C., Sacks, R. and Reeve, D., 2015. Engineering leadership: Grounding leadership theory in engineers professional identities.Leadership,11(3), pp.351-373. [online] https://static1.squarespace.com/static/57b6154a2e69cf98b3fb7031/t/57d3612644024343d18e0222/1473470759895/Engineering+Leadership+-+Grounding+Leadership+Theory.pdf Saebi, T. and Foss, N.J., 2015. Business models for open innovation: Matching heterogeneous open innovation strategies with business model dimensions.European Management Journal,33(3), pp.201-213. [online] https://brage.bibsys.no/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/298636/Saebi_Business.pdf?sequence=3 Szeberenyi, A., 2015.Project Communication Plan(No. AIDA-2020-MS4). [online] https://cds.cern.ch/record/2047412/files/AIDA-2020-MS4.pdf

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